Attention Deficit
Diagnosis
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ADHD DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
The year 2000 Diagnostic & Statistical Manual
for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) provides
criteria for Attention Deficit Diagnosis. The criteria
are presented here in modified form in order to make
them more accessible to the general public. They are
listed here for information purposes and should be
used only by trained health care providers to
diagnose or treat ADHD.
DSM-IV Criteria for Attention Deficit
Diagnosis
I. Either A or B:
-
To the
Attention Deficit Diagnosis
to be made six or more of the following
symptoms of inattention have been present for at
least 6 months to a point that is disruptive and
inappropriate for developmental level:
Inattention
-
The
child often does not give close attention to
details or makes careless mistakes in
schoolwork, work, or other activities.
-
The child often has trouble keeping
attention on tasks or play activities.
-
The child often does not seem to
listen when spoken to directly.
-
The child often does not follow
instructions and fails to finish schoolwork,
chores, or duties in the workplace (not due to
oppositional behavior or failure to understand
instructions).
-
The child often has trouble
organizing activities.
-
The child often avoids, dislikes, or
doesn't want to do things that take a lot of
mental effort for a long period of time (such as
schoolwork or homework
-
The child children often loses
things needed for tasks and activities (e.g.
toys, school assignments, pencils, books, or
tools).
-
The child is often easily
distracted.
-
The child is often forgetful in
daily activities.
-
For
Attention Deficit Diagnosis six or more of the following
symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity have been
present for at least 6 months to an extent that
is disruptive and inappropriate for
developmental level:
Hyperactivity
-
The child often
fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat.
-
The child often gets up from seat
when remaining in seat is expected.
-
The child often runs about or climbs
when and where it is not appropriate
(adolescents or adults may feel very restless).
-
The child often has trouble playing
or enjoying leisure activities quietly.
-
The child is often "on the go" or
often acts as if "driven by a motor".
-
The child often talks excessively.
Impulsivity
-
The child often
blurts out answers before questions have been
finished.
-
The child often has trouble waiting
one's turn.
-
The child often interrupts or
intrudes on others (e.g., butts into
conversations or games).
-
With the child
some symptoms that cause impairment were present
before age 7 years.
-
With the child some impairment from
the symptoms is present in two or more settings
(e.g. at school/work and at home).
-
With the child there must be clear
evidence of significant impairment in social,
school, or work functioning.
-
With the child the symptoms do not
happen only during the course of a Pervasive
Developmental Disorder, Schizophrenia, or other
Psychotic Disorder. The symptoms are not better
accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g.
Mood Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Dissociative
Disorder, or a Personality Disorder).
Based on these criteria,
three types of Attention Deficit Diagnosis are identified:
-
ADHD,
Combined Type: if both criteria 1A and 1B
are met for the past 6 months
-
ADHD, Predominantly
Inattentive Type: if criterion 1A is met but
criterion 1B is not met for the past six months
-
ADHD, Predominantly
Hyperactive-Impulsive Type: if Criterion 1B
is met but Criterion 1A is not met for the past
six months.
American
Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text
Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric
Association, 2000 |