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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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When using dopa alone, only 10% to 15% of
people suffering with depression report good relief of symptoms of
depression and 20% to 25% report some improvement.
If over half of your people suffering with
depression are not obtaining
relief of depression or attention deficit ADD ADHD
with dopa, tyrosine, and dopa, they are not being
used properly. It is imperative for proper treatment
that the balance of dopa, tyrosine, and dopa is
correct A point of interest, in double-blind
studies of depression, 30% to 40% of people
suffering with depression report relief of
depression symptoms on a placebo. NeuroResearch is
not convinced that use of only dopa leads to results
better than a sugar pill (placebo) in treatment of
depression, anxiety, attention deficit ADD ADHD, a
position supported by the medical literature which
has to date been unable to show through studies that
dopa is effective in treatment of depression,
anxiety, attention deficit ADD ADHD,. |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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dopa depletes
dopamine neurotransmitter levels |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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dopa depletes
serotonin neurotransmitter levels |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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tyrosine
depletes serotonin neurotransmitter levels |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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Reuptake
inhibitor depression, anxiety, attention deficit ADD ADHD, drugs deplete serotonin and/or dopamine
neurotransmitter levels |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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dopa depletes
dopamine neurotransmitter levels |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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dopa depletes
serotonin neurotransmitter levels |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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5HTP depression
5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD ADHD |
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By: Marty Hinz, MD |
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President Clinical Research |
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NeuroResearch Clinics, Inc. |
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If you just
entered this web site, landing on this page, you have landed on the
NeuroResearch Clinics discussion on the effectiveness of
prescription drugs in treatment of depression. NeuroResearch Clinics is a neurotransmitter medical research project. The research work of
NeuroResearch Clinics is
currently being published in a series of papers by the University of
Minnesota Medical School. The first medical school paper was
submitted for publication November 30, 2008. This web page and the
links to the right are an overview of the NeuroResearch Clinics
treatment approach of depression in adults and children.
Other pages of this web site discuss the details of the NeuroResearch
Clinics approach in treatment of numerous other neurotransmitter
diseases. (To access the a copy of
the first University of Minnesota Medical School paper click on the
"NeuroResearch Publishing" link in the left column.) |
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Reuptake inhibitor drugs are
number one prescription
written in the treatment of
depression, anxiety,
attention deficit ADD ADHD,. These
drugs are not as effective
as most
doctors and people think. This web
page is
dedicated to discussing the
true effectiveness of
reuptake inhibitor drugs
used in the treatment of
depression by doctors. |
Click here
for to access a
comprehensive list of
reuptake inhibitor drugs. |
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Most people believe when a drug
is approved by the FDA as
effective it means
that most people will get better
when treated for the disease
that the drug was approved
for. In the course of
writing a chapter for a new
medical text book on
depression in the summer of
2008 I pulled a large number
of placebo control studies
on depression drugs and was
stunned at what I found.
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The studies reviewed were preformed
at large university and were not
sponsored by the drug companies.
Most were recent studies, in general
the studies were completed since
2003. |
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The first thing that stood out was
that the "placebo effect" (where
people taking a sugar pill known as
a placebo gets better) was huge in
depression. In general 30% to 40% of
people taking a sugar pill in
depression studies get relief of
symptoms. |
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Beyond the placebo effect
two results stood out. |
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First, is the
fact that only
about 7% of
people taking
the depression
drug in the
studies got
better results
than those
taking a sugar
pill.
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Second, is the
fact that no
patients 65
years of age and
older got any
benefits greater
than taking a
sugar pill in
relief of
depression
symptoms. |
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In these studies there were almost
6,000 participants. 93% of the
participants got relief of
depression symptoms no better than
taking a sugar pill, none!
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What do results such as these look
like while treating patients in the
clinic? For people with depression being
treated in the clinic they are started on a reuptake inhibitor
drug such as Prozac, Zoloft,
Trazodone, Celexa, Lexapro, Effexor,
Wellbutrin, etc. (see the list in
the right blue column). After one
month of treatment about 50% of the
people with depression are better.
The problem is over 40% of people
with depression would have been
better with a sugar pill or no drug.
The fact is that after one month
treatment with reuptake inhibitor
drugs over 90% of people with
depression are taking a drug that
they may believe they are getting benefits from
but in reality they are not.
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If you believe that a depression
drug that relieves depression
symptoms in only 7% of people taking
it is not effective, then these
drugs are not effective. |
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Further scrutiny reveals that these
dugs are loaded with side effects.
In the prescribing information of
each drug is between 15 and 25 pages
of side effects listed. In
reviewing side effects the odds of
experiencing a drug side effect when taking these drugs is higher than
achieving relief of symptoms that is
greater than a sugar pills. In
the right blue column above on this
web page, is a listing of reuptake
inhibitor drugs, click on each to
review the official prescribing
information with side effects. As
you open each of these link most
have the risk of suicide listed
prominently at the top of the first
page. |
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Side effects and low
effectiveness are not the
only concerns with these
drugs. Other pages of this
web site contain in-depth
discussions of: |
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How these drugs
used are
habit forming
and why this
occurs (see the
"habit forming"
link to the
right). |
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How these drugs
cause
depletion of
neurotransmitter
levels and make
the cause of
depression
worse. (see the
"depletion" link
to the
right). |
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DRUG
EFFECTIVENESS STUDIES
WITH FULL TEXT LITERATURE VERSION OF
THE STUDY |
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Serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
reuptake inhibitor depression, anxiety,
attention deficit ADD ADHD, drugs
deplete
serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine neurotransmitter
levels. If depletion is severe enough
suicide may occur. |
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From The Formal |
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"Lexapro Prescribing Information" |
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For Physicians |
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Clinical Worsening and
Suicide Risk |
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People
with major depressive
disorder (MDD), both adult
and pediatric, may
experience worsening of
their depression and/or the
emergence of suicidal
ideation and behavior (suicidality)
or unusual changes in
behavior, whether or not
they are taking
depression medications,
and this risk may persist
until significant remission
occurs. Suicide is a known
risk of depression and
certain other psychiatric
disorders, and these
disorders themselves are the
strongest predictors of
suicide. There has been a
long-standing concern,
however, that
depression drugs may have a
role in inducing worsening
of depression and the
emergence of suicidality in
certain people during the
early phases of treatment. |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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Depression Pages Site Map |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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The cause of
depression, anxiety, attention deficit ADD ADHD, etc. is
neurotransmitter levels in the brain that are not high
enough Reuptake inhibitor drugs deplete
neurotransmitter levels during treatment making the cause of
the problem worse (low levels of neurotransmitters). When
neurotransmitter levels drop low enough people may commit
suicide. Click on the links below, the formal prescribing
information for each drug will open. |
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Prozac |
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Zoloft |
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Luvox |
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Celexa |
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Lexapro |
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Effexor |
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Wellbutrin |
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Cymbalta |
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Paxil |
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Meridia |
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Amitriptyline |
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Nortriptyline |
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Serzone |
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Norpramin |
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Pristiq |
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Strattera |
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Asendin |
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Ludiomil |
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Zyban |
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Elavil |
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Sinequan |
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Tofranil |
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Amoxapine |
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Anafrinil |
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Trazodone |
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Phentermine |
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Tenuate |
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Bontril |
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Amphetamines |
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Cocaine |
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Ecstasy |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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5HTP depression 5-HTP serotonin 5 HTP ADD
ADHD |
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The
Serotonin, Dopamine, and
Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor drugs
(Depression Drugs) |
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SSRIs: Selective
Serotonin depression, anxiety, attention deficit ADD
ADHD, Reuptake Inhibitors |
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citalopram
(Celexa, Cipramil, Emocal, Sepram) |
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
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fluoxetine
(Prozac, Fontex,
Seromex, Seronil, Sarafem) |
fluoxetine (Prozac,
Fontex, Seromex, Seronil, Sarafem) |
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escitalopram oxalate
(Lexapro, Cipralex, Esertia) |
fluvoxamine maleate
(Luvox, Faverin, Dumyrox) |
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sertraline (Zoloft,
Lustral, Serlain) |
paroxetine (Paxil,
Seroxat, Aropax, Deroxat, Rexetin) |
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SNRIs: Serotonin
Norepinephrine depression, anxiety, attention deficit
ADD ADHD, Reuptake Inhibitors |
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venlafaxine
(Effexor XR, Effexor) |
desvenlafaxine
(tradename Pristiq) |
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sibutramine
(Meridia, Reductil) |
nefazodone
(Serzone) |
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desipramine
(Norpramine, Pertofraneis) |
milnacipran
(Dalcipran/
Portugal; Ixel/ France) |
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duloxetine
(Cymbalta) |
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NRIs: Norepinephrine
depression, anxiety, attention deficit ADD ADHD, Reuptake Inhibitors |
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Atomoxetine (Strattera)
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Reboxetine (Edronax)
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Viloxazine (Vivalan)
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Maprotiline (Ludiomil)
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Nortriptyline (Nortrilen)
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Bupropion (Wellbutrin,
Zyban) |
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Tricyclic
depression drugs:
non-specific depression, anxiety, attention deficit ADD
ADHD, reuptake
inhibitors |
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Amitriptyline ( Elavil,
Tryptanol, Endep, Elatrol, Tryptizol, Trepiline,
Laroxyl) |
Amoxapine (Asendin,
Asendis, Defanyl, Demolox, Moxadil) |
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Imipramine (Antideprin,
Deprenil, Deprimin, Deprinol, Depsonil, Dynaprin,
Eupramin, Imipramil, Irmin, Janimine, Melipramin,
Surplix, Tofranil) |
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Desipramine (brand
names Norpramin and Pertofrane) |
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effective1 |
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EFFICACY OF SEROTONIN, DOPAMINE, AND
NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR depression, anxiety, attention deficit
ADD ADHD, DRUGS |
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Written by: Marty Hinz, MD |
|
President Clinical Research |
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NeuroResearch Clinics, Inc. |
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The studies of
serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
depression drugs can be broken down into one of four
categories:
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Adults over 60
years old (elderly).
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Adults under 60
years old
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Adolescents
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Pediatric
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In reviewing the studies below, it is fair to say that the expectations
of a drug side effect occurring when using a serotonin, dopamine, and
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor drug are greater than getting relief of
depression symptoms that is greater than placebo. |
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Of 5,972 people suffering with
depression that participated in the serotonin, dopamine, and
norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor depression studies on this web page,
423 people suffering with depression achieved results better than
placebo. So what does this mean? First it means that for the 5,549
people suffering with depression that were started on serotonin,
dopamine, or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor depression drugs, their
depression outcomes were no better than placebo. This means that 5,549
people with depression were exposed to the side effects and the cost of
these drugs with no hope of getting results in treatment of depression
that were better than placebo since only 423 people suffering with
depression received results that
were better than placebo. When you analyze these studies, the bottom line is that only 7.08% of
people suffering with depression treated with the
serotonin, dopamine, or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor depression drugs
got relief of depression symptoms that were better than placebo. I.e. they treated
everyone so that 7.08% could get depression results better than a sugar pill, and
92.92% got the same results in treatment of depression as if they had taken a sugar pill. |
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In the "warnings, precautions, and adverse events" for each of the
serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine depression drugs are on this web page, as
you access information on each depression drug, notice near the top the warning
regarding, "Clinical worsening and suicide risk." The
serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor drugs may deplete
serotonin, dopamine, or norepinephrine if dopa, tyrosine, and
dopa are not administered simultaneously in proper balance. If you deplete the
serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine neurotransmitter levels enough
the clinical
depression picture worsens. The
worst case depression scenario is suicide due
to drug
depletion of the serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine neurotransmitter
levels. |
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depression_1 |
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EFFICACY IN ADULTS |
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STUDY 9:
Literature review, N = 1,472. Conclusions: Remission rates (of
depression) for the serotonin reuptake inhibitor when
used in depression
escitalopram (Lexapro) were
superior to placebo (48.7% versus 37.6%, P =0.003)
88.8% of people suffering with depression taking Lexapro achieved results
no better than placebo. Remission rates (of
depression) for serotonin reuptake inhibitor depression citalopram (Celexa) (52.8% versus
43.5%, P = 0.003). 90.7% of people suffering with
depression taking Celexa
achieved results no better than placebo. Depression
remission
rates for escitalopram (Lexapro) were ... similar
to the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor venlafaxine-XR (Effexor-XR) (P= 0.97). |
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STUDY 10:
Randomized double blind placebo controlled 20 month
depression study on the incidence of recurrence of depression.
Three groups serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft (sertraline) 50 mg per
day versus serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft (sertraline)
100 mg per day versus placebo. The depression subjects mean age 45.2 years with a
standard deviation of 10.5 years, N = 299.
Conclusion: "...a new depression episode was
recorded in 33.3% of people suffering with depression in the placebo group and
in 16.9% of those who received serotonin depression reuptake
inhibitor sertraline (Table
2). No statistically significant difference was observed
in the incidence of depression recurrence between the 50-mg
sertraline group and the 100-mg sertraline group (16.8%
and 17.0%." 87% of people suffering with
depression taking serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft at
50 mg per day or 100 mg per day received depression benefits
no better than placebo in prevention of recurrent
depression. |
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STUDY 11:
Randomized double blind placebo controlled 8 week
depression study
of chronic fatigue syndrome in people with depression
using serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac
versus placebo average age of the depression subjects about 39
years, N = 96. Conclusions: No
significant difference between serotonin depression reuptake
inhibitor Prozac or placebo
in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome or
associated depression. |
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STUDY 12:
Randomized placebo controlled double blind depression study of
serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor
Prozac (fluoxetine) versus depression counseling versus
placebo in the treatment of post-partum depression
average age about 26 years old, N = 86.
Conclusion: No difference in the effectiveness
of depression counseling versus serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac. No benefit from combining
depression counseling with Prozac. Depression counseling is just as
effective as serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac treatment under these conditions,
without the side effects. |
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STUDY 13: Randomized
double blind placebo controlled 12 week depression study with the
treatment of adult depression serotonin depression reuptake
inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine)
versus serotonin reuptake inhibitor Paxil (paroxetine) versus placebo
mean age 41.3 years (SD 12.6), N = 128. Conclusion:
"There were no significant differences among the three
depression treatment groups in baseline depression and endpoint depression and
anxiety severity, as well as in the degree of depression
and anxiety improvement." |
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STUDY 14: Randomized
double blind placebo controlled 3 way depression study of serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac
(fluoxetine) versus serotonin norepinephrine
depression reuptake inhibitor Effexor (Venlafaxine)
versus placebo in the treatment of depression with
adults over 18 years of age, N = 308. Conclusion:
"Final depression remission (defined as HAM-D < or =7) rates were
32%, 28%, and 22% for serotonin norepinephrine
depression reuptake
inhibitor venlafaxine, serotonin depression reuptake
inhibitor fluoxetine, and
placebo, respectively." Depression treatment
under the approach of this study shows that 90% of
people suffering with depression treated with
serotonin norepinephrine depression reuptake inhibitor
Effexor have depression results no better than
placebo, and 94% of people suffering with depression treated with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac have results no
better than placebo. |
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depression |
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EFFICACY IN PEOPLE SUFFERING
WITH DEPRESSION OVER 60
YEARS OLD |
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STUDY 1:
Randomized placebo controlled depression study, treatment with
serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor
Celexa (Citalopram) 10 mg to 40 mg per day in people
suffering with depression 75 years old and older, N = 174.
Conclusion: "In the oldest group of
community-dwelling people suffering with depression to be studied to date,
depression medication was not more effective than placebo for
the treatment of depression." |
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STUDY 2:
Randomized double blind placebo controlled 12 week
depression study, treatment with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Lexapro (escitalopram) 10
mg to 20 mg per day in people suffering with depression over 60 years old, N =
264. Conclusion: "serotonin
depression reuptake
inhibitor Escitalopram
depression treatment was not significantly different from placebo
treatment on the primary depression efficacy measure..." |
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STUDY 3:
Randomized double blind placebo controlled 8 week
depression study,
treatment with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Lexapro (escitalopram) 10 mg per
day or serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine)
20 mg per day in people suffering with depression in the study were 65 to 93 years old, N = 517.
Conclusion: "Both serotonin
depression reuptake
inhibitor escitalopram and
serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor
fluoxetine were well tolerated by elderly people
suffering with depression with MDD (major depressive disorder). Neither demonstrated
superior depression efficacy on primary endpoint versus placebo." |
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STUDY 4:
Randomized double blind placebo controlled 8 week
depression study, treatment with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft (sertraline) 50 mg
per day versus placebo in people suffering with
depression with depression over 60 years old, N
= 371. Conclusion: Only 10% of people
suffering with depression
taking serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft (45% got better) showed results better
when compared to placebo (35% got better). 90% of
people suffering with depression taking Zoloft in this study got results no
better than placebo.
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STUDY 5:
Depression participants (age
65 and older) were openly treated
with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor sertraline (Zoloft) and then randomized into a double-blind, placebo
controlled depression continuation / maintenance
depression study of
recurrence of depression (about 2
years duration), N = 113. Drug depression dosage was maintained at
levels that achieved remission. Conclusion:
"No significant difference between the serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor sertraline and
placebo groups was found in the proportion of
recurrences." |
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STUDY 6: 6
week double blind placebo control depression study of depression
with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac
versus placebo in people suffering with depression over 60
years old, N = 671. Conclusions: "...overall
depression
response (43.9% vs. 31.6%, p = .002) and
depression
remission
(31.6% vs. 18.6%, p < .001) rates." 87.3%
of elderly people suffering with depression
over 60 years old treated for
depression with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac
can expect depression response that is no better than
placebo and 87.0% of people suffering with depression over 60
years old treated with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac can expect
remission of depression symptoms no better than placebo based on this
depression study. |
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STUDY 7: Double blind
placebo controlled randomized depression study of serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine)
versus placebo in treatment of depression in people
suffering with Alzheimer, N = 41. Conclusion: "serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor Fluoxetine
treatment for depression in AD did not differ
significantly from depression treatment with placebo." |
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STUDY 8:
Randomized double blind placebo controlled 3 way
depression study
of serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine) versus
serotonin norepinephrine depression reuptake inhibitor Effexor
(venlafaxine) versus placebo in the treatment of
depression in the elderly with a mean age of 71 years, N
= 300. Conclusion: "In this study,
there was no significant difference in efficacy among
placebo, serotonin norepinephrine depression reuptake inhibitor venlafaxine, and
serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine for the treatment
of depression." |
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dopa |
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EFFICACY IN ADOLESCENTS |
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| STUDY
15: Literature review, treatment of depression
with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine) versus placebo in
children over 12 years old, N = 175. Conclusion:
"Adolescent depression response rates at exit were not
significantly different..." between serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac and
placebo. Based
on this study treating adolescents with serotonin
depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac
for depression is no better than treating with placebo. |
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| STUDY
16: 8 week double blind placebo controlled study
of serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Celexa (citalopram) versus placebo in the
treatment of depression ages 7 to 17 years, N = 174.
Conclusion: "The difference in response rate
at week 8 between placebo (24%) and serotonin depression reuptake
inhibitor citalopram
(36%)..." 88% of depression pediatric people
suffering with depression treated for
depression with Celexa can expect outcomes no
better than placebo based on this depression study. |
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STUDY
17: 10 week double blind placebo controlled
depression study of serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft (sertraline) versus placebo in
the treatment of depression ages 7 to 17, N = 376.
Conclusion: "...69%
of serotonin
depression reuptake
inhibitor sertraline-treated
people suffering with
depression compared with 59%
of
people suffering with
depression treated with
placebo were considered
depression
responders..."
90%
of depression pediatric people suffering with depression treated for depression with
serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor
Zoloft can expect outcomes no better than placebo
based on this depression study. |
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| STUDY
18: 8 week randomized double blind placebo
controlled depression study of serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac (fluoxetine)
versus placebo in the treatment of depression ages 7 to
17, N = 96. Conclusion:
However, complete
depression
symptom remission
(Children's Depression Rating Scale--Revised < or =
28) occurred in only 31% of the
serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor
fluoxetine-treated
people and 23% of the placebo people.
92%
of pediatric people suffering with depression treated for depression with
serotonin reuptake inhibitor Prozac
can expect resolution of depression symptoms that is no better
than placebo based on this depression study. |
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dopa |
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EFFICACY IN PEDIATRICS |
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STUDY
19: Double blind placebo controlled 10 week
depression study
of serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Zoloft (sertraline) versus placebo 6 to 11
years old for the treatment of depression, n = 177.
Conclusion: "There were no statistically
significant depression differences in time to first response or
first persistent response between serotonin depression reuptake
inhibitor sertraline and
placebo in depression children..." |
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STUDY 20: Literature
review, treatment of depression with serotonin
depression reuptake
inhibitor Prozac
(fluoxetine) versus placebo in children with
depression less than 12
years old, N = 134. Conclusion: "Within
depression children, response at exit to serotonin
depression reuptake
inhibitor fluoxetine was
significantly better than placebo (56.9% vs 33.3%;
P=.009)" 76.4% of pediatric people suffering
with depression treated for
depression with serotonin depression reuptake inhibitor Prozac can expect outcomes no better
than placebo based on this depression study. |
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If you need a medical speaker
for AMA Category I CME call NeuroResearch Clinics, Inc.
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NeuroResearch Clinics, Inc.
only deals with and provides information to licensed health care
professionals. |
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| NeuroResearch Clinics, Inc |
| 1150 88th Ave W |
| Duluth, MN 55808 |
| Ph. 877-626-2220 |
| E-Mail: Info@NeuroAssist.com |
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|
DISCLAIMER: NeuroResearch is a research company that provides
speakers to programs for AMA category I continuing medical education
(CME) for physicians, continuing education for psychologists
approved by the American Psychological Association, and licenses
intellectual property for use. The NeuroResearch formulas and theory
of medicine is designed for the use of combining precursors of the serotonin and catecholamine systems. The formulas
are intended to be used as nutritional supplements and not as a drug
to treat, mitigate, treat, cure, or prevent disease. This web site
is intended to be educational purposes only. Constantly we receive
e-mails from people who are not licensed health care providers. We
wish we could answer them, but the new telemedicine laws that were
recently legislated (and put in place) prohibit us from providing
advice directly to people with no medical license or providing
medical care over the Internet. |
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