ADHD diagnosis
The pages
of this web site article relates to
ADHD diagnosis. It contains an
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MD President Clinical Research NeuroResearch
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ADHD DIAGNOSTIC
CRITERIA
The year
2000 Diagnostic & Statistical Manual for
Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) provides criteria
for ADHD diagnosis. The criteria
are presented here in modified form in order
to make them more accessible to the general
public. They are listed here for information
purposes and should be used only by trained
health care providers to diagnose or treat
ADHD.
DSM-IV
Criteria for ADHD diagnosis
I. Either A or B:
For
the ADHD diagnosis
to be made six or more of the following
symptoms of inattention have been present
for at least 6 months to a point that
is disruptive and inappropriate for
developmental level:
Inattention
The child often does not give close
attention to details or makes careless
mistakes in schoolwork, work, or other
activities.
The child
often has trouble keeping attention
on tasks or play activities.
The child
often does not seem to listen
when spoken to directly.
The child
often does not follow instructions
and fails to finish schoolwork, chores,
or duties in the workplace (not due
to oppositional behavior or failure
to understand instructions).
The child
often has trouble organizing
activities.
The child
often avoids, dislikes, or doesn't
want to do things that take a lot of
mental effort for a long period of time
(such as schoolwork or homework
The child
children often loses things needed
for tasks and activities (e.g. toys,
school assignments, pencils, books,
or tools).
The child
is often easily distracted.
The child
is often forgetful in daily activities.
For
ADHD diagnosis
to be made six or more of the following
symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity
have been present for at least 6 months
to an extent that is disruptive and
inappropriate for developmental level:
Hyperactivity
The child
often fidgets
with hands or feet or squirms in seat.
The child
often gets up from seat when
remaining in seat is expected.
The child
often runs about or climbs when
and where it is not appropriate (adolescents
or adults may feel very restless).
The child
often has trouble playing or
enjoying leisure activities quietly.
The child
is often "on the go" or often
acts as if "driven by a motor".
The child
often talks excessively.
Impulsivity
The child
often blurts
out answers before questions have been
finished.
The child
often has trouble waiting one's
turn.
The child
often interrupts or intrudes
on others (e.g., butts into conversations
or games).
With the
child some
symptoms that cause impairment were
present before age 7 years.
With the
child some impairment from the
symptoms is present in two or more settings
(e.g. at school/work and at home).
With the
child there must be clear evidence
of significant impairment in social,
school, or work functioning.
With the
child the symptoms do not happen
only during the course of a Pervasive
Developmental Disorder, Schizophrenia,
or other Psychotic Disorder. The symptoms
are not better accounted for by another
mental disorder (e.g. Mood Disorder,
Anxiety Disorder, Dissociative Disorder,
or a Personality Disorder).
Based on these criteria, three types of
ADHD diagnosis are identified:
ADHD, Combined
Type: if both criteria 1A and 1B
are met for the past 6 months
ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Type:
if criterion 1A is met but criterion
1B is not met for the past six months
ADHD, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive
Type: if Criterion 1B is met but
Criterion 1A is not met for the past
six months.
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington,
DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2000
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